Projects On Embedded Systems

This ROBOT follows a black line drawn in a reflecting surface automatically.The principle behind it is the property of light rays where light is absorbed by black bodies and reflected back by other bright colors. The ROBOT consists of two pairs of IR trans-receivers placed at bottom. The microcontroller in the ROBOT scans for the reflected light. If the ROBOT is in black line position no light rays is reflected. Else, if it moves away from the black line, one of the sensor reports the microcontroller availability of reflected light. The microcontroller correspondingly controls one of the motors, which is coupled to the wheel of ROBOT and changes the direction of ROBOT towards the line.

In our home some times we forgot to switch off the electrical appliances, so we have many loses in electricity and other resources. To overcome this we install home automation in our home. The µC controls the home appliances activities. For example anybody leaving from any one of the rooms the Electrical objects (Fans, Lights, Etc.,) automatically switched off. We will keep any one of the sensors inside the Lock of the door when the door is locked the sensor will send the signal to the microcontroller, then the microcontroller activate the interrupt routine and displayed the message to the user and it will cutoff the Power supply of the appliances.

Object ranging is essential in many types of systems. One of the most popular ranging techniques is ultrasonic ranging. Ultrasonic ranging is used in a wide variety of applications including

• Auto focus cameras

• Motion detection

• Robotics guidance

• Proximity sensing

• Object ranging

This project describes a method of interfacing microcontrollers. This implementation uses a minimum of microcontroller resources.The microcontroller performs the intelligence and arithmetic functions for ultrasonic ranging,while the T-40 and R-40 Module performs the ultrasonic signal transmissions and echo detection.

This project consists of few pairs of IR trans-receivers placed at various openings such as door, windows, ventilators etc., The microcontroller scans for the interruption of sensors. While a interruption is noticed the microcontroller alerts us with a loud alarm and calls the police automatically and informs the place of theft by driving a IVR( Interactive Voice Response Unit).A display also indicates the place of disturbance noticed.

We nowadays often see and experience lot of accidents and traffic congestion in our day-to-day life. If we want an alternative solution for this, Air traffic control using Embedded can be implemented to overcome this catastrophic failure occurrence due to accident. The antenna used in the field of Radar, to find the direction, angle, distance, and the velocity parameters.

Communication network systems are rapidly growing in size and complexity.These
systems have many high-speed integrated circuits with critical operating parameters and must provide extremely reliable service with zero down time. We implement iic by connecting 128 devices through 7-bit interface for example device driver includes RTC and EEPROM by connectdata pin and clock pins respectively.

Now a day mainly we are facing more problems with road traffic. This project helps us to over come all those problems easily by modern trend. This project entirely differs from existing manual type. This project has three important modes such as timer, density and night.
LED’s are used for signal status indication and seven segments for timer display. The traffic density will be obtained by using IR trans-receiver modules with respect to number of road intersections. For selecting the modes we use respective keys on the keypad. The 89C51 microcontroller is programmed so that it scans for the operating modes. In timer mode it will be working with respect to predetermined time delays. In density mode it will be working with delay, which is determined with respect to Ir. trans receiver input. In night mode it will be working independently with respect to some time delay until we set and change.

The Valve movement can be controlled by the 89C51 µC.with very effective ways. In Automobile Industries the fuel injection valve can control the fuel through the channel.Suppose flow of fuel or pressure in the channel is high then the valve should control the flow.If not the whole system will blast. To avoid this situation we can use the microcontroller to reduce this kind of technical error. This valve can be controlled using amplifier circuit.

The term wireless communication refers to transfer of information via electromagnetic or acoustic waves over atmospheric space rather than along a cable. The apparent wrinkle between such a scheme and conventional wired systems is the presence of the wireless channel as the medium over which the communication must take place. Thus when considering a general digital wireless communication system design of each building block will be dependent on the channel between transmitter and receiver. This is invoked by RF Microcontroller based transmitter and receiver. By this we can control operation that is a relay connected to the receiver end.

Practically in any industries,say,auditoriums,operators may forget to switch off all electrical equipment’s such as fan, light,ac etc.,This project mainly helps us to solve such
problems. We use two pairs of IR trans-receivers for counting persons inside currently. The microcontroller gets number of disturbances from the trans-receivers and correspondingly displays the number of persons present inside the auditorium in LCD. It also warns when count of persons inside crosses the maximum limit of the room and it also makes long beep for negative counts or wrong entries. When the auditorium vacant all electrical equipment's will be switched off automatically.